Which of the following terms refers to a form of involuntary alienation resulting from established property use?

The term that refers to a form of involuntary alienation resulting from established property use is a prescriptive easement. This legal concept allows a person to gain the right to use someone else's property for a specific purpose after a certain period of time, which is typically defined by state law. The key elements that qualify a prescriptive easement include continuous, open, and notorious use without permission from the property owner.

Involuntary alienation occurs when a property owner loses their property rights without a voluntary transfer of ownership. When someone meets the conditions for a prescriptive easement, the original property owner's rights can be diminished or altered as a result of the established use by another party over time.

While adverse possession involves claiming ownership of land, it is different from a prescriptive easement, which only allows for a specific use rather than transferring ownership. Easements in gross and party wall easements pertain to rights and agreements regarding shared usage or access between property owners rather than the involuntary loss of property rights through established use by a non-owner.